Macular Pucker/Epiretinal Membrane – Epiretinal membrane (ERM), also known as macular pucker, is identified with many different terms, including surface-wrinkling retinopathy, cellophane maculopathy, and pre-retinal macular fibrosis.

ERM gets its common name from scar tissue that has formed on the macula, creating a very thin, nearly transparent layer of fibrous tissue that spreads across the retinal surface. When this thin fibrous layer contracts, the retinal surface is wrinkled or puckered like wrinkles on a bedspread. Other names come from its similarity in appearance to a layer of cellophane, where folding and puckering has not yet developed.

Macular Hole- A macular hole is a small hole in the center of the retina, the macula. The macula provides the sharp, central vision we need for reading, driving, and seeing fine detail. When a hole develops in the macula, central vision can become distorted or darkened and potentially, over time, lost if not treated.